K filmu dnes už neodmyslitelně patří hudba. Bez ní si film už ani nedokážu představit - stává se jeho duší, dodává mu na síle a z dobrého filmu učiní ještě lepší. Můj první soundtrack, který jsem dostala byl k filmu Ridleyho Scotta 1492: Dobytí Ráje od Vangelise (1992) ještě ve formě kazety. Pouštěla jsem si ho pořád dokola - úžasná hudba. Jako další jsem si zamilovala hudbu k filmu Sama Mendese Americká Krása (1999). Tady se o hudbu postaral Thomas Newman. V těchto dnech ujíždím na soundtraccích k filmu Drive a The Dark Knight Rises - ano ještě před uvedením filmu do kin si můžete poslechnout celý soundtrack na stránkách Empire. Ale už se těším až uvidím film a jednotlivé skladby si spojím s dějem, hudba pak nabývá (alespoň pro mě) úplně jiného významu. Při poslouchání se mi v hlavě promítají jednotlivé scény a po skončení mám pocit jako bych se na film koukala.
A jak to vlastně začalo?
Historie filmové hudby vydá na knížku (a taky že si jich pár můžete koupit), ale já se pokusím to trochu (hodně) zkrátit. Již úplně první projekce snímku Příjezd vlaku bratrů Augusta a Louise Lumiérových, která se uskutečnila 28. prosince 1895 v pařížském Grand Café, byla obohacena o klavírní doprovod. Hudba se stala, po vzoru divadelních her, součástí promítání němých filmů od doprovodu ve formě jednotlivce až po celý orchestr. Ke každému filmu dostávali hudebníci k dispozici tzv. "knihy hudby", které obsahovaly seznam skladeb roztříděných podle nálad, elementů či typu postav ve filmu. Prvním němým filmem, pro jehož první část byla složena hudba přímo na míru je Zrození Národa z roku 1915.
Změna přišla se zvukovým filmem díky procesu Vitaphone. A s ním přišel zcela nový, hudební žánr filmové hudby. Vůbec první zvukový film se šesti skladbami, Jazzový zpěvák, byl natočen v roce 1927. Film se stal okamžitě hitem, s tržbou 3.9 milionů dolarů. První kompletně originální hudbu k filmu napsal Max Stenier pro film King Kong (1933). Skladatelé začali postupně experimentovat a vyvíjet hudbu střiženou na míru filmovým zápletkám a jednotlivým charakterům. 40. léta nejvíce ovlivnil skladatel Bernard Herrmann - film Občan Kane (1941). Doposud byla hudba podružná vizuálním aspektům filmu, ale díky němu se stala jeho podstatnou součástí. Herrmann si pohrál s rytmem a intonací - chtěl, aby byla hudba podobná proslovu člověka. 50. a 60. léta ovlivnil příchod jazzu do prozatím plně symfonické filmové hudby. Využíván byl hlavně v muzikálech a animovaných filmech. Koncem 60. let je filmová hudba obohacena o rock. A přicházejí 70. léta a skladatel filmových melodií, kterého znáte určitě všichni. Jaké by byly Spielbergovi Čelisti, E.T. - Mimozemšťan nebo Lucasovi Hvězdné války bez úžasného Johna Williamse. Pro svou hudbu se inspiroval, mimo jiné, i českým skladatelem Antonínem Dvořákem. Používáním syntetizovaných zvuků došlo v roce 1980 k další revoluci. Díky tomu, že šlo produkovat zvuky mnoha instrumentalistů, mohl jeden člověk nahrát hudbu k celému filmu. Dnes již neexistuje hudební proud, který by byl dominantní pro filmový průmysl. Díky rozvoji nových technologií jsou hudební skladatelé schopni vytvářet perfektní filmovou hudbu, která z filmu učiní opravdový zážitek. Kromě Johna Williamse patří mezi nejznámější filmové skladatele současnosti Hans Zimmer (Gladiátor, Lví Král, Počátek), Howard Shore (Pán Prstenů, Hugo), Ennio Morricone (Tenkrát na Západě, Nedotknutelní) a další...Ale těm už se budu věnovat v jednotlivých článcích, takže se můžete těšit na spoustu filmové hudby. :)
No a pokud si rádi poslechnete známé filmové melodie, pak navštivte vystoupení Pražského filmového orchestru. V jeho repertoáru můžete najít hudbu k filmům Hvězdné války, Harry Potter, Indiana Jones a mnoha dalším. Nejbližší vystoupení se koná 14. října 2012 od 19:30 v Pražškém Rudolfinu. Tak se tam možná potkáme. A mimochodem, jaké je Vaše oblíbená filmová hudba?
Music today is one of the essential part of a movie. It's hard for me to imagine a movie without it - it has become it's soul and gives it strength. Music makes good movie even better. My first soundtrack, in form of cassette tape, i got was from Ridley Scott's movie 1492: Conquest of Paradise - music written by Vangelis (1992). I loved it and listened to it over and over again. Next one I really love is music from Sam Mendes's American beauty (1999). Thomas Newman took care of the music here and did a great job. These days im addicted listening to soundtracks from Drive and The Dark Knight Rises - yes you can already listen to the full soundtrack at Empire. But am really excited to see the movie, so I can connect the music to the story, because then music (at least for me) has completely different meaning. When listening to it I can picture individual scenes and at the end feel like if I had watch the movie.
And how it all began?
The history of film music can be easily put in a book (and there is few you can buy), but i will try to summarize it a bit (actually a lot). Even the first film projection was supplemented by music. Projection of The Arrival of the Mail Train, made by brothers Louis and Auguste Lumiére, that took place at Grand Café (Paris) on 28th December was accompanied by piano player. Music became, as it was normal in theatre plays, part of the films. It added depth to the two-dimensional images on the screen. Single players and sometimes full orchestras accompanied the movie. Music players were given "books of music" to provide them with the list of ideas and songs, categorized by mood, elements and characters in the movie. First silent film to have a score compiled for especially for it was Birth of Nation (1915).
Change came, when the sound was added to the movies, thanks to Warner Brothers and the process of Vitaphone. With that came completely new genre of film music. The very first sound film with six songs in it was Jazz Singer, filmed 1927. It became a hit, earning 3.9 million dollars. The first completely original score for King Kong (1933) was written by Max Steiner. Composer gradually began experimenting with the music, developing original sounds corresponding to the film plot and characters. 1940s were influenced the most by composer Bernard Herrmann - Citizen Kane (1941). Until then music was was inferior to the visual aspects, but thanks to this movie it became one of its essentials. Herrmann played with rhythm and intonation - wanted the music to be similar to human speech. 1950s and 1960s were influenced by Jazz, even thought it was primarily used in musicals and animated movies. By the end of the 60s was enriched by rock - Insert Title here was the first movie to have a rock song in it. And here come the 70s and composer everyone of you knows. What would be the Steven Spielberg's Jaws, E.T. - The Extra Terrestrial or George Lucas's Star Wars without music composed by amazing John Williams? Czech composer Antonin Dvorak is, among others one he is inspired by. Using synthesized sounds brought in 1980 another revolution to film music. Because of the possibility to produce the sounds of many instrumentalist, on person could score the entire film. Today there is not really a specific music sound that would dominate the film industry. Thanks to the development of technologies, composers are able to create perfect music, which makes the movie a real experience. In addition to John Williams, the most famous film composers are Hans Zimmer (Gladiator, The Lion King, Inception), Howard Shore (Lord of the Rings trilogy, Hugo), Ennio Morricone (Once Upon a Time in the West, Untouchables) and others...but more about them in individual articles you can expect soon - so there will be a lot more film music :)
No a pokud si rádi poslechnete známé filmové melodie, pak navštivte vystoupení Pražského filmového orchestru. V jeho repertoáru můžete najít hudbu k filmům Hvězdné války, Harry Potter, Indiana Jones a mnoha dalším. Nejbližší vystoupení se koná 14. října 2012 od 19:30 v Pražškém Rudolfinu. Tak se tam možná potkáme. A mimochodem, jaké je Vaše oblíbená filmová hudba?
Music today is one of the essential part of a movie. It's hard for me to imagine a movie without it - it has become it's soul and gives it strength. Music makes good movie even better. My first soundtrack, in form of cassette tape, i got was from Ridley Scott's movie 1492: Conquest of Paradise - music written by Vangelis (1992). I loved it and listened to it over and over again. Next one I really love is music from Sam Mendes's American beauty (1999). Thomas Newman took care of the music here and did a great job. These days im addicted listening to soundtracks from Drive and The Dark Knight Rises - yes you can already listen to the full soundtrack at Empire. But am really excited to see the movie, so I can connect the music to the story, because then music (at least for me) has completely different meaning. When listening to it I can picture individual scenes and at the end feel like if I had watch the movie.
And how it all began?
The history of film music can be easily put in a book (and there is few you can buy), but i will try to summarize it a bit (actually a lot). Even the first film projection was supplemented by music. Projection of The Arrival of the Mail Train, made by brothers Louis and Auguste Lumiére, that took place at Grand Café (Paris) on 28th December was accompanied by piano player. Music became, as it was normal in theatre plays, part of the films. It added depth to the two-dimensional images on the screen. Single players and sometimes full orchestras accompanied the movie. Music players were given "books of music" to provide them with the list of ideas and songs, categorized by mood, elements and characters in the movie. First silent film to have a score compiled for especially for it was Birth of Nation (1915).
Change came, when the sound was added to the movies, thanks to Warner Brothers and the process of Vitaphone. With that came completely new genre of film music. The very first sound film with six songs in it was Jazz Singer, filmed 1927. It became a hit, earning 3.9 million dollars. The first completely original score for King Kong (1933) was written by Max Steiner. Composer gradually began experimenting with the music, developing original sounds corresponding to the film plot and characters. 1940s were influenced the most by composer Bernard Herrmann - Citizen Kane (1941). Until then music was was inferior to the visual aspects, but thanks to this movie it became one of its essentials. Herrmann played with rhythm and intonation - wanted the music to be similar to human speech. 1950s and 1960s were influenced by Jazz, even thought it was primarily used in musicals and animated movies. By the end of the 60s was enriched by rock - Insert Title here was the first movie to have a rock song in it. And here come the 70s and composer everyone of you knows. What would be the Steven Spielberg's Jaws, E.T. - The Extra Terrestrial or George Lucas's Star Wars without music composed by amazing John Williams? Czech composer Antonin Dvorak is, among others one he is inspired by. Using synthesized sounds brought in 1980 another revolution to film music. Because of the possibility to produce the sounds of many instrumentalist, on person could score the entire film. Today there is not really a specific music sound that would dominate the film industry. Thanks to the development of technologies, composers are able to create perfect music, which makes the movie a real experience. In addition to John Williams, the most famous film composers are Hans Zimmer (Gladiator, The Lion King, Inception), Howard Shore (Lord of the Rings trilogy, Hugo), Ennio Morricone (Once Upon a Time in the West, Untouchables) and others...but more about them in individual articles you can expect soon - so there will be a lot more film music :)
Well and if you like to hear some of the famous film scores, go and visit concert of Prague Film Orchestra. You can find music from Star Wars, Harry Potter, Indiana Jones and much more in his repertoire. The closest concert is to be held on 14th October 2012 in Prague's Rudolfinum. Start is at 19:30. So maybe see you there. By the way what are your favorites film scores?
Jazzový zpěvák/Jazz singer
King Kong
Občan Kane/Citizen Kane
Jak hudba dokáže obohatit scény ve filmu/How music makes the difference in movie
Hudba / Zvuk je hlavní důvod proč chodím do kina. :) Pěkný článek..
ReplyDeleteSupr ctivo! Tesim se na dalsi vypravu do soundtracku. Moje top takhle z hlavy jsou Vangelisuv soundtrack Blade Runnera, Danny Elfman a jeho Batman z 89tyho a Poledourisuv Conan co mlati kone :D
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